Food Glorious Food! updated 17th Nov

A Few points:
Advice:
BEWARE: Food vocabulary is one of those endless specialized black holes that you can spend a lifetime learning! (And thank God we don't have the 3rdworld problem of starving, or only a little better,being undernourished, or ill-fed , and illnourished  at best.
Westerners are overfed)


And there are many, many, other things you need to learn, or to perfect!

So, my advice is
KNOW WHEN TO STOP!
AND
Learn to talk ABOUT food.
Probably more important than just
Vocabulary!
A few tips:
use category words, Eg for cooking methods:
Boiled,(+0r- hard- or soft-) Baked, Roast, SpitRoast, 
Fried, DeepFried, StirFried, Stewed, Broiled, Grilled, Barbecued, 
Toasted, Steamed, Stuffed,Poached....
DON'T expect to be able to give an EXACT equivalent, very often an exact equivalent DOES NOT EXIST!
It's usually better to DESCRIBE a dish than to try to translate the SPANISH NAME.
(example from English: Do you know what "Toad in the hole"(click 4 link) is ?
Let's translate the NAME of the dish: "SAPO EN EL HOYO"* Does this communicate ANYTHING?
Would YOU ask for that to eat!
No?
Well, the same thing happens if you talk about a "Cubanish ricish dish" or " Daymeal of the sleeve" (Genuine menu examples) for "Arroz a la cubana " or "menestra manchega":
English-Speakers will be lost!  

salt &pepper areSEASONINGS

Anyway, just as in Spanish, just as in Spain, the same DISH may be called differently even from one family to another , let alone one region to another, or over the Atlantic!
Some Spanish dishes are known by the Spanish name, eg Paella
(Historical note: olla podrida= cocido madrileno, but it isn't used in English anymore except as a literary figure. If you say it to the average English person they'll think you're talking about  something else)
Don't confuse, plate, dish, fabada is the national dish of asturias, and course, a six-course meal is typical at weddings
Alright, if you MUST know, "Turron" is "almond and honey -based sweetmeats typical at Christmas and somewhat akin to nougat".Now you know.It's beginning to be sold in England as Turron.

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TALKING about a (healthy/unhealthy etc)  DIET remember,  to go/be on a diet = to diet
Category words: Proteins, carbohydrates, Fats and oils, fibre, meat, fish, seafood, shellfish(included in seafood) , Fruit, nuts, eggs , dairy produce/products , veg.(=vegetables), pulses (included in veg.), pastas, bread, cakes &pastries, sweets (candies in USA)  & biscuits (cookies in usa) 
adj.s: whole , junk, fast, traditional, tinned, frozen, dried, preserved, fresh, oily, fatty, fattening, (fatty =contains fat, fattening=make you fat pastas are fattening, bacon is very fatty), Rich (=fuerte), hot (usually=spicey=picante), nourishing, wholesome , burned/burnt, overdone, underdone, raw (crude is unusual for food, but it's in "oliver" for the rhyme)
Pronunciation Dairy rhymes with scary, fairy, , don't confuse with Diary which rhymes with fire +y, 
  How often ..do you have ...?, how much...?   once a week etc 
   
 
( Pronunciation :  omit syllables: chocolate vegetable, camera,omelette different)


frutos secos= fruit and nuts: Fruit and nut chocolate

Pr :soup versus soap Soup rhymes with too, clue. true, soAp with hope, no, coat. THIS mistake causes much confusion."supper" rhymes with upper, mother, brother, lover, etc.
recipe: final "e" sounds /i:/. Doctors PRESCRIBE medicines. they give you a Prescription.
False Friends.
Preserved  foods, sometimes callled preserves are often preserved with PRESERVATIVES.(English cooks living in Spain nearly always cause amusement asking for these in shops)
You CONSERVE nature.There are special parks called "conservation Areas". Greens are usually conservationists. Conservationism.
Pickles are PICKLED food, preserved with vinegar.

Now look at the screen and ice age versions


British:
LINK :How To Make Toad In The Hole

Link to a long article on English breakfast

Dairy( not= Diary) produce/products:
Milk, cream cheese, yoghurt, etc

Pulses: beans, lebtils, chickpeas etc (included in veg.)
How often ..do you have ...?, how much...?  
once a week etc 
healthy/ unhealthy   
fattening/fatty   pastas are fattening, bacon is very fatty